Which choice most logically completes the text?

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Prolonged exposure to anthropogenic noise (sounds from human sources like traffic or mining) can affect animals, as Debra M. Shier and colleagues found in a 2012 study of Stephens kangaroo rats. Researchers conducted a meta-analysis of studies of how such noise affects animals and found that, for every study, relevant traits or behaviors of the animals were observably different between the exposed group and the otherwise similar but unexposed group. Although, on average, studies of mammals showed larger differences than studies of amphibians did, for every class of animals examined, there were individual studies showing differences well above the average for mammals. Therefore, the results of the meta-analysis suggest that

some studies of amphibians found larger effects of exposure to anthropogenic noise than some studies of mammals did.

the studies in the meta-analysis that examined mammals were more likely than those that examined amphibians to specify whether the observed effects were detrimental.

the differences that studies attribute to exposure to anthropogenic noise are likely to be more pronounced for amphibians than they are for mammals.

the difference found in the study conducted by Debra M. Shier and colleagues was likely larger than the average difference for studies of Stephens kangaroo rats included in the meta-analysis.