Which choice most logically completes the text? | Verbal SAT Question

Phylogenomic analyses of the Asgard archaea—a group of uncultivated microbes discovered near deep-sea hydrothermal vents—have transformed evolutionary models of eukaryogenesis (the emergence of complex eukaryotic cells). Asgard genomes encode numerous “eukaryotic signature proteins” (ESPs) involved in membrane trafficking, ubiquitin-mediated protein degradation, and cytoskeletal dynamics, functions previously thought to be exclusive to eukaryotes. Evolutionary biologist Dr. Thijs Ettema argues that these genomic discoveries support the “two-domain” tree of life, in which eukaryotes did not branch off as an independent third lineage alongside Archaea and Bacteria, but rather

Which choice most logically completes the text?

evolved from an ancient bacterium that lacked any cytoskeletal or membrane-trafficking proteins.

originated directly from within the archaeal domain through an endosymbiotic merger between an Asgard-related archaeon and an alphaproteobacterium.

represent the ancestral lineage from which all primitive archaeal and bacterial clades subsequently descended.

developed their eukaryotic signature proteins through entirely abiotic geochemical reactions occurring in hydrothermal vents.