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Tokyo has high pedestrian traffic, but simply replicating a feature of Tokyo associated with walkability—e.g., its high population density—may be insufficient to induce increased walking in other cities. As urbanist Mariela Alfonzo argues, our understanding of individuals' decision-making about whether to walk is insufficiently robust: some studies emphasize the role of personal preference, others the role of perceived safety, and so on, but walking decisions are made in complex contexts in which multiple conditions and needs inform individuals' choices.