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In a study by Mika R. Moran, Daniel A. Rodriguez, and colleagues, residents of Panama City, Panama, and Fortaleza, Brazil, were surveyed about parks in their cities. Of the 318 respondents from Panama City, 53.5% indicated that they use the city's parks, and of the 938 respondents from Fortaleza, 35.7% indicated using city parks. Given that the percentage of Panama City respondents who reported having access to other desired amenities near parks was much lower than that reported by Fortaleza respondents, the difference in park use can't be explained by Panama City residents having more access to desired nonpark amenities near parks.

Even though the study found that parks in Fortaleza are more likely to be close to other amenities than parks in Panama City are, Panama City has more amenities overall than Fortaleza does.

The study's findings suggest that an increase in the number of amenities near city parks would likely increase park use in Panama City but not in Fortaleza.

The study's finding that a greater proportion of residents use parks in Panama City than in Fortaleza is partly due to the greater prevalence of parks in Panama City.

Although the study found that a greater proportion of residents use parks in Panama City than in Fortaleza, that difference isn't due to greater access to amenities near parks in Panama City.