|Question 12Verbal

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The bird species Piculus flavigula (the yellow-throated woodpecker), which forages in relatively dense vegetation, and Willisornis poecilinotus (the common scale-backed antbird), which forages in open areas or low density vegetation, share territory in French Guiana with Thamnomanes caesius (the cinereous antshrike), which emits a loud alarm call when it detects predators. Biologist Ari Martínez and colleagues, who studied the ecological community the species share, hypothesized that there is an inverse relationship between birds’ field of vision while foraging and their sensitivity to alarm calls from neighboring species.
Which finding, if true, would most directly support Martínez and colleagues’ hypothesis?
W. poecilinotus displayed no reaction when Martínez and colleagues played T. caesius alarm calls, whereas P. flavigula displayed predator-avoidance behavior in response to the calls.
A
Many local bird species with similar foraging habits to those of P. flavigula displayed no reaction when Martínez and colleagues played T. caesius alarm calls, whereas P. flavigula displayed predator-avoidance behavior.
B
Some individuals of W. poecilinotus displayed predator-avoidance behavior when Martínez and colleagues played T. caesius alarm calls, whereas nearly all did when P. flavigula alarm calls were played.
C
When Martínez and colleagues played T. caesius alarm calls, P. flavigula and W. poecilinotus displayed no reaction, whereas T. caesius displayed predator-avoidance behavior.
D