Reported Population of Selected Cities by Counting Method (millions)
| City | City Proper | Urban Agglomeration | UN Estimate |
|---|---|---|---|
| São Paulo | 12.3 | 21.7 | 22.0 |
| Mexico City | 9.2 | 20.9 | 21.6 |
| New York City | 8.3 | 18.8 | 18.8 |
| Shanghai | 24.9 | 27.1 | 26.3 |
| Dhaka | 10.3 | 21.0 | 21.7 |
Population figures for a city can vary significantly depending on what areas are included in the count. A city-proper figure counts only the residents living within a city’s official municipal boundaries, whereas broader measures such as an urban agglomeration or a United Nations estimate also include surrounding suburbs and the wider metropolitan region. A journalist studying the world’s largest cities claimed that for a single city, the population reported under one counting method can be dramatically higher than the population reported under another.