|Question 22Verbal

Source Texts

Text
While researching a topic, a student has taken the following notes:
- Soap forms as the result of a chemical reaction between fats and either sodium or potassium hydroxide.
- One end of a soap molecule is hydrophobic (water repelling), and one end is hydrophilic (water attracting).
- The hydrophobic ends of soap molecules adhere to hydrophobic surface contaminants, such as dirt and oils.
- The soap molecules form circular structures (micelles) around contaminants.
- The hydrophilic ends of the molecules encase the micelles in water, lifting the micelles and contaminants off surfaces.
The student wants to explain how soap removes a surface contaminant. Which choice most effectively uses relevant information from the notes to accomplish this goal?
Surface contaminants like dirt and oils are hydrophobic, not hydrophilic—meaning they repel water rather than attract it.
A
Micelles are circular structures created when soap molecules attach themselves to dirt or oils.
B
To remove dirt from a surface, soap molecules form a circular structure, or micelle, around the contaminant; next, the molecules encase the micelle in water, lifting it—and the dirt—off the surface.
C
Dirt, an example of a hydrophobic surface contaminant, can be removed from a surface by soap, which forms as the result of a chemical reaction between fats and either sodium or potassium hydroxide.
D