Source Texts
Text
In Grenada, use of solid fuel (e.g.. coal, wood) as a share of total household fuel use fell by more than a third between 2000 and 2019; such shifts are often explained by appeal to the energy ladder, a model holding that fuel choice is mediated mainly by household income (specifically, high-technology fuels displace solid fuels as incomes rise). Moses Pundo and Gavin Fraser's study of fuel use in Kenya shows this model to be reductive, however: household fuel use was heterogeneous, flexible, and influenced by several factors, including the age of the household head.