Psychologist Marisa R. Vega and colleagues presented participants with several series of images of a common household item, progressing from blurry to clear, and asked participants to identify the item as soon as they confidently could (on average, at image 12 of 15). Participants were then asked to return to each series and recall at which point they were able to identify the image; on average, they selected image 10. This phenomenon— believing that one knew more in the past than one actually did—is known as hindsight bias. When participants were asked to estimate when a peer who had not participated in the experiment would be able to identify the item, the average selection was again image 10. This finding suggests that
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Verbal·Information and Ideas·Inferences
mediumWhich choice most logically completes the text?
A
people tend to believe that they are less likely than their peers are to show hindsight bias.
B
being implicitly reminded of their earlier state of ignorance may enable people to reduce their hindsight bias.
C
having their own hindsight bias explicitly pointed out to them may not prevent people from applying that same bias to their peers.
D
a form of hindsight bias may occur even when it does not directly enable people to exaggerate their own past knowledge.