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In a section of a 1976 essay discussing cinema of the United States, James Baldwin observed that (1972), a biographical film about jazz singer Billie Holiday, can be said to reflect Holiday’s life and the experiences of Black Americans only “by courtesy.” According to Baldwin, the failure of this film to authentically represent its subject matter is indicative of a larger trend in films of the era: rather than leveraging the medium’s potential to confront difficult truths, filmmakers and studios often resorted to platitudes about contemporary US society.