What claim does the text make about the demand for petroleum?

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Companies involved in petroleum extraction include drilling equipment among their assets. But petroleum extraction is a very carbon-intensive industry, so as social attitudes increasingly favor using less carbon-intensive sources of energy, demand for petroleum falls and the drilling equipment will eventually, or even suddenly, become a liability as reduced petroleum prices make it more difficult to recover the expense of maintaining such equipment.

Companies involved in petroleum extraction are not affected by the demand for petroleum.

The societal preference for low-carbon energy sources is a factor in the demand for petroleum.

The demand for petroleum follows a predictable annual cycle.

Companies involved in petroleum extraction can benefit from a decline in the demand for petroleum.