Source Texts
Text
Many Indian snack foods, such as bhatoora and paneer pakora, acquire their flavor from being fried in oil; some are also coated in batter beforehand. Chemists Marc A. Meyers and Andrew Grazela studied the mass and heat transfer processes that occur when foods are fried in batters containing hydrocolloids, polymers that become viscous or gel-like in water. During frying, water in the food evaporates, leaving voids that oil (a pure fat) can fill. As the process continues, water from the food's center moves to the crust as long as the crust remains permeable. However, hydrocolloids can create structures in the crust that reduce the transfer of moisture out of the food's core during frying. Therefore, a food fried without a hydrocolloid batter coating will likely