|Question 12Verbal

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Water flowing around an obstruction creates vortices (swirls) that vary in size with the obstruction's size and position, and fish sense these vortices in order to navigate around the obstructions. Using models of three fish-head shapes—narrow (low ratio of width to length), intermediate, and wide (high ratio of width to length)—Yuzo R. Yanagisawa, Otar Akanyeti, and James C. Liao showed that as vortex size increases, pressure fluctuations at the snout increase for narrow-headed and intermediate-headed fish but remain low for wide-headed fish. A second research team has therefore hypothesized that in low visibility, a fish will be more likely to avoid an obstruction when the associated pressure fluctuations at the fish's snout are greater.
Which finding, if true, would most directly challenge the second research team's hypothesis?
A study using obstructions that created large vortices in low-visibility conditions found that the Synodontis macropunctata, which has a relatively wide head, bumped into less than half of the obstructions.
A
A study using obstructions that created large vortices in low-visibility conditions found that the intermediate-headed dusky smooth-hound (Mustelus canis) bumped into the obstructions just as often as the wide-headed Synodontis did.
B
A study using obstructions that created large vortices in low-visibility conditions found that the wide-headed Synodontis macropunctata bumped into obstructions more often than the intermediate-headed dusky smooth-hound (Mustelus canis) did.
C
A study using obstructions that created large vortices in low-visibility conditions found that some specimens of the intermediate-headed dusky smooth-hound (Mustelus canis) bumped into the obstructions more often than others did.
D